De-dollarization or de-eurozation? Analysts consider both scenarios possible

Analysts have been discussing the possible ditch of the US dollar in foreign settlements for a long time. However, now, they do not exclude a similar scenario for the euro. Analysts are mulling over what could lead to such outcomes. They fear that in the near future the European currency will face the same challenges as the Us dollar. Currently, many countries are trying to replace the US dollar in mutual settlements.

Analysts pinpoint that the euro has more disadvantages than advantages. Settlements in the euro and its support are getting more expensive. According to the Eurobarometer, the euro is popular with 60% of the population. However, now many EU citizens are skeptical about the future of the euro. Some economists reckon that some EU states may leave the eurozone and ditch the euro.

Earlier, economists suggested a possible replacement of the US currency by many countries. However, the euro is now facing such a risk as well. De-eurozation looks quite feasible. However, the situation in the global financial market is unlikely to change in the near future, economists believe.

Currently, the authorities of many countries are trying to diversify their foreign exchange reserves to reduce dependence on the greenback. However, a sharp decline in the dollar share of international reserves looks unlikely as roughly 40% of the world's transactions are done in dollars.

The use of national currencies in international settlements spurs their demand and reduces dependence on the Fed's monetary policy. At the same time, the current geopolitical turmoil is fueling a rally of the US dollar as many countries prefer to keep the US currency in their reserves.

At the start of the week, the euro was trading almost at the same levels. On October 31, the EUR/USD pair was fluctuating near 0.9952, slightly below the previous pivot level of 0.9963.

Investors are now awaiting the release of the euro area's important macroeconomic report, namely GDP for the third quarter of 2022. According to preliminary estimates, from July to September, the economy declined slightly to 2.1%. In the second quarter of 2022, this figure totaled 4.1%.

The greenback has been rising for some time thanks to the Fed's hawkish stance. On November 2, the Bank of England and the Fed will hold their meetings. The Fed is widely expected to raise the key rate by 75 basis points to the range of 3.75-4%.

The Fed's key rate decision may significantly impact market sentiment. Some analysts believe that the regulator could switch to less aggressive tightening despite a 75 basis point rate hike. However, other analysts are certain that the regulator will hike the rate by 75 basis points at the next meeting scheduled for December 14.

At the February meeting in 2023, the watchdog is expected to increase the key rate by 25 basis points to 4.50-4.75%. Analysts suppose that three will be more 25 basis point rate increases next year. Such a scenario is bearish for the US dollar. The euro is also unable to regain long-term rise. Thus, it is recommended to buy the EUR/USD pair with a long-term target level above 1.0500.

Many economists are afraid that sentiment will become more bearish on the US currency. Last week, large traders initiated a sell-off of the greenback. As a result, the number of short positions during the week increased by 21%. If there are no positive fundamental favors, the greenback may drop lower.

Nevertheless, the US dollar remains the most popular currency, with close to 90% of all currency trades having the dollar as one leg of the transaction. It has been rallying for some time amid the Fed's aggressive tightening. In the last few months, the US dollar has reached multi-year highs against the euro, the pound sterling, the yen, and the yuan. It also took advantage of a recession in the eurozone as investors got rid of the euro in favor of the US dollar.

Bullish sentiment in gold is growing

Gold's bounce off a two-year low, followed by a nearly 3% gain on Friday, is creating solid bullish momentum among Wall Street analysts; however, some also point out that the precious metal still has some work to do to reverse the months-long downward trend.

The latest survey shows that market sentiment continues to improve and most market analysts expect prices to rise in the near future. Retail investors are also looking positively.

Bullish sentiment has been on the rise all week after gold prices ended October with their seventh straight monthly drop, the longest losing streak in 50 years.

Rising bond yields and the US dollar, which is at its highest level in 20 years, remain critical headwinds for gold; however, some analysts note that growing fears of a recession are driving demand for gold as a safe-haven asset.

Ole Hansen, head of commodity strategy at Saxo Bank, said the US recession would force the Federal Reserve to end its tightening cycle before it reaches its 2% inflation target. He added that a stagflationary environment of low economic growth and high inflation would be bullish for gold.

However, in anticipation that gold prices will have enough momentum to rise, a return to $1,680 will simply return the market to neutral territory.

Christopher Vecchio, senior market analyst at DailyFX.com, said he is neutral on gold as he would also like to see an initial push above $1,680 leading to $1,730.

Last week, 20 market professionals took part in the Wall Street survey. Ten analysts, or 50%, said they are optimistic this week. Two analysts, or 10%, said they were bearish. Eight analysts, or 40%, said they were neutral about the precious metal.

As for retail, 520 respondents took part in online surveys. A total of 240 voters, or 46%, called for an increase in the price of gold. Another 169, or 33%, predicted a fall in prices. While the remaining 111 voters, or 21%, were in favor of a side market.

Friday's rally helped gold prices end the week positively.

Problems in the labor market adds to the recession fears. On Friday, the Bureau of Labor Statistics said 261,000 jobs were created in October, exceeding all expectations. However, some analysts believe that if you delve into the essence, you can see a growing weakness.

Along with rising bullish fundamentals for gold, many analysts note that the technical outlook has turned positive as well.

"Gold had been building a technical base above $1,620 support and appears to be starting to launch up off of there," said Colin Cheshinsky, chief market strategist at SIA Wealth Management.

He added that bond yields remain well above 4%, which would be a deterrent for gold. And the Fed continues to raise interest rates, and in these conditions, gold's rally may turn towards sales.

November 14. The oil market is growing at the beginning of a new trading week

Oil prices have been showing growth for the third consecutive session amid expectations of demand growth in China as a result of changes in the policy of the country's authorities to combat coronavirus, as well as the introduction of new measures to support the economy.

As it became known, Beijing announced the reduction of mass testing of people for Covid-19, as well as the dissolution of «quarantine camps». The Chinese authorities have announced that they are planning further changes, thanks to which covid restrictions will become more focused, but not soft. Thus, China's adjustment of the «zero tolerance» for coronavirus has given a powerful incentive for the growth of the oil market.

The current price of Brent oil is $96.70 per barrel. North American WTI oil is trading near the level of $89.60 per barrel.

Analysts note that the increase in oil consumption by China may coincide with a reduction in supply on the market (due to the upcoming entry into force of the European embargo on the import of Russian oil and a reduction in OPEC+ production).

Earlier, US Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen said that the entry into force of the European embargo on the purchase of oil in Russia on December 5 is likely to force Moscow to sell some oil at a price not exceeding the ceiling set by the US and its allies if Russia wants to avoid a significant reduction in oil exports.

November 17. Wall Street: 3 oil companies whose stocks are worth paying attention to

Experts say that the tense situation on the world oil market does not bode well for many countries of the world that are still heavily dependent on fossil fuels.

However, despite this, Wall Street recommends that investors pay attention to the shares of 3 oil companies, which can bring substantial profits next year.

Shell is a multinational energy giant operating in more than 70 countries and producing about 3.2 million barrels of oil per day.

Shell has a stake in 10 refineries, and last year the company sold 64.2 million tons of LNG. The company's shares are listed on the London Stock Exchange, the Euronext exchange in Amsterdam and the New York Stock Exchange. It is worth noting that the shares registered on the NYSE have increased by 26% since the beginning of the year. Shell is trading at about $56 per share today.

Chevron is another major oil company benefiting from the commodity boom.

For the third quarter, Chevron made a profit of $11.2 billion, which is 84% more than in the same period last year, and the company's sales and other operating income for the quarter amounted to $64 billion, which exceeded last year's figures by 49%. Chevron approved a 6% increase in quarterly dividends to $1.42 per share, meaning its dividend yield was 3.0%. Over the year, the company's shares have grown by 57%.

Exxon Mobil has the largest market capitalization — more than $460 billion, which is more than Shell and Chevron.

In addition, the oil company boasts the strongest share price dynamics among all 3 companies in 2022: its shares have increased by 79% since the beginning of the year. In the first 9 months of 2022, Exxon earned $43.0 billion in profit, which is significantly more than $14.2 billion last year. Exxon Mobil's free cash flow for the first 9 months of 2022 was $49.8 billion compared to $22.9 billion for the same period last year. The company pays a quarterly dividend of 91 cents per share, which corresponds to an annual yield of 3.2%.

November 29. Oil prices rise in anticipation of OPEC+ meeting

World oil prices started to rise on Tuesday, reaching $86.68 per barrel. Investors are waiting for the weakening of quarantine measures in China and are assessing the prospects for the OPEC+ meeting scheduled for Sunday.

The current quotation of Brent crude oil is $86.00 per barrel, North American WTI oil is trading at $79.35 per barrel.

Yesterday, the quotes showed a noticeable decline: the Brent price fell below the level of $81 per barrel for the first time since January 11, 2022.

As you know, a record increase in Covid-19 infections was recorded in China for several days in a row, as a result of which some quarantine restrictions were tightened, and riots and protest actions took place in a number of cities. Now the markets expect that the Chinese authorities may move to ease restrictive measures. And since China is one of the largest consumers and importers of oil, expectations about the country's economy affect the prospects for demand for this type of raw material.

In addition, market participants are waiting for the OPEC+ meeting scheduled for Sunday. Traders evaluate what measures the alliance can take against the background of supply and demand risks. Also, the market dynamics are influenced by the results of meetings of EU countries, at which European diplomats are trying to agree on the introduction of a specific price limit for Russian oil. At the moment, the countries have again failed to come to an agreement.

December 27. Analysts predict a strengthening of the US dollar in 2023

Analysts at Danske Bank believe that the state of the global economy will be crucial for the dynamics of exchange rates in 2023. The bank's review says that all forecasts for the next year are based on the strengthening of the US dollar and the tightening of financial conditions in the world.

However, if inflation concerns quickly fade away, the prospects for the foreign exchange market will be different. Because the US Federal Reserve System may make a U-turn in its policy of aggressive rate hikes.

To date, market participants believe that the US currency will decline in 2023, but Danske Bank is still skeptical about the justification of such optimism. Analysts believe that a fair assessment of the EUR/USD pair is closer to $0.9. Experts also expect that inflationary pressure will weaken in the US faster than in the eurozone, which may put strong pressure on the single European currency.

Therefore, in the absence of any positive developments, the euro may go down. In general, analysts adhere to the «bearish» forecast for the EUR/USD pair, as many negative economic factors will continue in 2023. On the other hand, the lifting of anti-bullying restrictions in China may have a positive impact on the eurozone economy and its currency.

According to forecasts, the euro exchange rate will be around $1.05 in the next month, $1.02 – in three months. At the same time, experts raised the estimate in twelve months to $ 0.98 from the previously expected $0.93.

January 11. The Egyptian pound has fallen to a historic low

The Egyptian currency has fallen to a historic low. The exchange rate of the US dollar against the Egyptian pound rose today to the level of 32.195, adding 16.3%. Over the past 12 months, Egypt's national currency has depreciated by more than 76%.

The weakening of the pound began after the International Monetary Fund yesterday outlined the details of a $3 billion aid package to the country. Egypt has committed itself to introduce a flexible exchange rate, strengthen the role of the private sector in the country's economy, and carry out a number of monetary and fiscal reforms.

In addition, among its obligations is to reduce investments in state and national projects in order to reduce inflation and reduce foreign currency spending.

Recall that Egypt faced a shortage of foreign currency, despite the sharp depreciation of the Egyptian pound last year. A year ago, the currency was trading in a narrow range below 16 Egyptian pounds per dollar. However, in March and October 2022, the Central Bank of Egypt allowed the pound to depreciate sharply. On October 27, the Egyptian pound fell by 15% after the announcement of a new financing package from the International Monetary Fund. Then the regulator announced that it was moving to a more flexible currency regime.

January 13. Germany's GDP grew by 1.9% in 2022

According to the Federal Statistical Agency of Germany, the German economy grew by 1.9% in 2022. For comparison, in 2021, the country's GDP increased by 2.6%. The average growth rate for the period from 2011 to 2021 was 1%.

As noted in the agency's report, Europe's largest economy suffered last year from the energy crisis, high inflation, rising interest rates and disruptions in supply chains. The Covid-19 pandemic, though fading, is also having its negative impact on the economy.

The volume of GDP last year was 0.7% higher than the indicator of the pre-pandemic 2019. The main engine of growth of the German economy was consumer spending, which increased by 4.6% in 2022 (by 0.4% in 2021), while the rate of increase in investment in fixed assets slowed to 0.2% from 1.2%, the growth rate of government spending decreased to 1.1% from 3.8%.

Exports of goods from Germany increased by 3.2% last year, and imports increased by 6.7%. Which, by the way, had a negative impact on the country's GDP.

The total deficit of public budgets in Germany in 2022 amounted to 101.631 billion euros (compared to 134.252 billion euros in 2021). Thus, the decrease was 24%.

The negative balance of the federal budget decreased to 117.633 billion euros from 145.925 billion euros.

Throughout 2022, an average of 45.6 million people worked in Germany, which is 589 thousand (1.3%) higher than in the previous year.

January 19. The share of the pound in international settlements fell to a June low

According to the SWIFT international system, the share of the pound sterling in international settlements by the end of December fell to 6.08%, which was the lowest value since June.

During the month, the British currency lost 1.01 percentage points, while retaining third place in the list of the most popular settlement currencies. The last time when the value was much less than the current one, it was noted in June: then the pound accounted for 5.96% of international settlements.

Analysts note that the dollar and the euro have strengthened their positions in the rating of currencies – they took first and second places with a share of 41.89% and 36.34%, respectively. The «American» for the month grew by 0.51 percentage points, and the «European» — by 0.22 points.

The Japanese yen is still in fourth place at the end of December, the share of which increased by 0.34 percentage points to 2.88% over the month.

The Chinese yuan closes the top five with a share of 2.15% and a decrease of 0.22 percentage points over the month.

January 25. Microsoft shares fell amid the release of a weak report

Microsoft shares jumped 5.26% to $254.79 in postmarket trading. However, then the dynamics changed, and according to the results of the postmarket, the IT giant's securities fell by 1.02%, to $234.64.

On Tuesday, Microsoft released its financial report for the second fiscal quarter, which ended in December 2022. The company reported a 7% decrease in adjusted net profit to $17.4 billion. Earnings per share (EPS) fell 6% to $2.32. At the same time, analysts predicted EPS at $2.29.

Microsoft's total revenue grew by 2% and reached $52.75 billion, while Wall Street forecast $52.94 billion. This was the lowest increase in quarterly revenue since 2016.

Experts also note that Microsoft is increasingly becoming cloud-based. The share of various kinds of cloud services already accounts for 40% of revenue and more than 40% of operating profit. At the same time, the corporation began to earn less in other segments. Thus, revenues from PC products, including the Microsoft Windows operating system and Office software, decreased by 19% to $14.2 billion.

The corporation also gave a forecast that disappointed investors: it is expected that in the third fiscal quarter revenue will be from $50.5 billion to $51.5 billion, which is about 3% more than a year earlier. Analysts predicted that revenue in the current quarter would be $52.43 billion.

January 27. Central banks are buying gold at the fastest pace in half a century

According to a report by economists of the International Monetary Fund and the University of California at Berkeley, gold not only did not leave the international reserve currency, but also significantly increased its performance, as the gold reserves of the world's central banks increased after the global financial crisis of 2008-2009.

Experts note that in the third quarter of 2022, leading central banks bought more gold than in any other quarter for 55 years. The main buyers at the same time were banks of developing countries, such as Russia, China, India, Turkey, Argentina, Hungary and Belarus. 

Among the main reasons for the increase in purchases, analysts note the popularity of gold as a traditional and safe means of saving at a time when a number of countries are subject to financial sanctions.

An interesting fact is that Russia, Iran and other countries that are subject to US sanctions can now combine blockchain technologies with gold to launch a digital currency that can compete with the dollar. Blockchain will allow these countries to make transactions with gold without actually redirecting coins or bullion.

Moreover, gold today is the only significant asset that is not controlled by any country and that cannot be forged. It is also the only asset that largely guarantees financial confidentiality.

February 1. Experts predict an increase in ECB rates by 50 bps

Tomorrow, February 2, the first meeting of the European Central Bank in 2023 on the rate will be held. Market participants are confident that the ECB will raise key interest rates by 50 basis points, to the highest since 2008.

If the market forecasts come true, the base interest rate on loans will be raised to 3%, the deposit rate to 2.5%, and the rate on margin loans to 3.25%. At the previous meeting, the ECB increased all three rates by 50 bps. In total, they were raised by 250 bps in 2022.

Following the results of the December meeting, the head of the central bank, Christine Lagarde, said that the regulator intends to continue raising rates at a rate of 50 bps, and already in January, some representatives of the Central Bank confirmed the relevance of these plans. Now the main question for investors is whether the ECB will continue to increase rates by 50 bps in March, or will consider it necessary to slow down the pace of their increase.

It is worth noting that the European regulator usually makes a decision on rates not in advance, but directly at each meeting, taking into account the emerging data.

Today, data on inflation in the eurozone were published, according to which the growth rate of consumer prices in January slowed significantly – to 8.5% in annual terms (from 9.2% in December). This indicator has become the lowest since May last year, but it still significantly exceeds the ECB's 2% target.